Faktor - faktor yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kesejahteraan Psikologis Lansia di Pandok Lansia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35890/jkdh.v12i02.292Keywords:
Terapi Dzikir, Kesejahteraan Psikologis, LansiaAbstract
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Lanjut usia dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari akan banyak mengalami kemunduran dan perubahan. Lansia dapat mengalami permasalahan psikologis, seperti adanya perasaan tak berguna, perubahan pada pola hidup, kecenderungan untuk berpikir bahwa ia tidak dibutuhkan lagi, merasa sedih dan kesepian karena kehilangan teman sebaya, pasangan hidup dan keluarga seperti yang dialami lansia pada umumnya di pondok lansia. Kesejahteraan Psikologis rendah pada lansia dapat menyebabkan depresi, ansietas, gangguan somatisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengetahui Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kesejahteraan Psikologis Lansia Di Pondok Lansia Al Ishlah Malang.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Crossecsional. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan didapatkan sampel sejumlah 32 lansia. Variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Faktor usia, social ekonomi, dukungan sosial dan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia. Setelah data terkumpul kemudian dilakukan pengolahan data melalui tahapan editing, coding, scoring, uji statistic, dan kesimpulan. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah menggunakan regresi linear berganda.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia dengan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia (p=0,01), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara social ekonomi dengan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia (p=0,019), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan sosial dengan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia (p=0,02)
Kesimpulan : Melihat hasil penelitian ini diharapkan lansia dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis dengan menggunakan strategi yang dirasa mampu untuk dilakukan oleh lansia secara mandiri maupun berkelompok dalam kegiatan rutin dan perawat yang ada dipanti secara terus menerus melakukan follow up terhadap upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia dan memberikan umpan balik yang positif
Kata Kunci: Terapi Dzikir, Kesejahteraan Psikologis, Lansia
ABSTRACT
Background : Older people in their daily lives will experience many setbacks and changes. Elderly can experience psychological problems, such as feelings of uselessness, changes in lifestyle, tendency to think that they are not needed anymore, feeling sad and lonely because of the loss of peers, spouses and families, as experienced by the elderly in general in nursing home. Low psychological well-being in the elderly can cause depression, anxiety, somatization disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the psychological well-being of the elderly in nursing home of Al-Islah Malang.
Methods : This study uses the Cross-sectional method. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique with inclusion and exclusion criteria and a sample of 32 elderly. The variables used in this study are age, socioeconomic, social support and psychological well-being of the elderly. After the data is collected, data processing is then carried out through the stages of editing, coding, scoring, statistical testing, and conclusions. The statistical test used is using multiple linear regression.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between age and the psychological well-being of the elderly (p=0.01), there was a significant relationship between socio-economic and the psychological well-being of the elderly (p=0.019), there was a significant relationship between social support and the psychological well-being of the elderly (p=0.019). p=0.02)
Conclusion : Look at the results of this study, it is hoped that the elderly can improve psychological well-being by using strategies that are felt capable of being carried out by the elderly independently or in groups in routine activities and nurses in the nursing homes continuously follow up on efforts to improve the psychological well-being of the elderly and provide positive feedback
Keywords: Dhikr Therapy, Psychological Well-being, Elderly
Downloads
References
Ahmadi, Z., Darabzadeh, F. & Nasiri, M.(2015). The effects of spirituality and religiosity on well-being of people with cancer: A Literature Review on Current Evidences.
Journal Chronic Dis Care, 4 (2)
Badan Pusat Statistik, 2020. Statistik Indinesia Tahun 2020. Jakarta Pusat.
Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Growing old or longevity. California: Stanford University
Chen, 2012. The effects of Terapi Dzikir on depressive symptoms of Chinese elderly.
Cengel and A Yunus, 2003. Heat Transfer A Practical Approach. Singapura : Mc.Graw-Hill Book.
Depkes, 2013. Gambaran Kesehatan Lanjut Usia. Jakarta
Dinie RD, 2014. Kesejahteraan Psikologis Lansia Janda/duda Di Tinjau Dari Persepsi Terhadap Dukungan Sosial Dan Gender. Jurnal Psikologi Undip Vol.13 No.2
Ellison, C.G. & Fan, D. 2008. Daily spiritual experiences and psychological well-being among us adults. Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, 88 (2), 247-271
Febriani, A. (2012). Menjadi Tua, Sehat, dan Bahagia. Faturochman, M. A. 2012. Psikologi untuk Kesejahteraan Masyarakat. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Gallo and J, 1998. Buku Saku Gerontologi. Jakarta : EGC.Vol. 2.
Ginsberg and Lionel, 2007. Lecture Notes: Neurology. Jakarta : Airlangga.
Hafeez, A. & Rafique, R. (2013). Spirituality and religiosity as predictors of psychological wellbeing in in residents of old homes. Dialogue, 8 (3), 285-301.
Harini I Gusti Ayu, Setianingsih Pande Putu and Widjanegara I gede, 2018. Pengaruh Terapi Dzikir terhadap Fungsi Kognitif pada Lanjut Usia. Denpasar : Gema Keperawatan.
Headey, B. & Wooden, M. (2004). The Effects of Wealth and Income on Subjective Well- Being and III-Being. Economic Record, 80,1,24-33.
Aflakseir, A.A. (2012). Religiosity, Personal Meaning, and Psychological Well Being A Study among Muslim Student in England. Pakistan Journal of Social an Clinicl Psychology Vol. 9 No. 2 : 27-31
Ahmadi, Z., Darabzadeh, F. & Nasiri, M.(2015). The effects of spirituality and religiosity on well-being of people with cancer: A Literature Review on Current Evidences.
Journal Chronic Dis Care, 4 (2)
Badan Pusat Statistik, 2020. Statistik Indinesia Tahun 2020. Jakarta Pusat.
Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Growing old or longevity. California: Stanford University
Chen, 2012. The effects of Terapi Dzikir on depressive symptoms of Chinese elderly.
Cengel and A Yunus, 2003. Heat Transfer A Practical Approach. Singapura : Mc.Graw-Hill Book.
Depkes, 2013. Gambaran Kesehatan Lanjut Usia. Jakarta
Dinie RD, 2014. Kesejahteraan Psikologis Lansia Janda/duda Di Tinjau Dari Persepsi Terhadap Dukungan Sosial Dan Gender. Jurnal Psikologi Undip Vol.13 No.2
Ellison, C.G. & Fan, D. 2008. Daily spiritual experiences and psychological well-being among us adults. Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, 88 (2), 247-271
Febriani, A. (2012). Menjadi Tua, Sehat, dan Bahagia. Faturochman, M. A. 2012. Psikologi untuk Kesejahteraan Masyarakat. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Gallo and J, 1998. Buku Saku Gerontologi. Jakarta : EGC.Vol. 2.
Ginsberg and Lionel, 2007. Lecture Notes: Neurology. Jakarta : Airlangga.
Hafeez, A. & Rafique, R. (2013). Spirituality and religiosity as predictors of psychological wellbeing in in residents of old homes. Dialogue, 8 (3), 285-301.
Harini I Gusti Ayu, Setianingsih Pande Putu and Widjanegara I gede, 2018. Pengaruh Terapi Dzikir terhadap Fungsi Kognitif pada Lanjut Usia. Denpasar : Gema Keperawatan.
Headey, B. & Wooden, M. (2004). The Effects of Wealth and Income on Subjective Well- Being and III-Being. Economic Record, 80,1,24-33.
Reed, T. D. & Neville, H. A. (2014). The influence of religiosity and spirituality on psychological wellbeing among black women. Journal of Black Psychology, 40 (4), 384- 401
Ryff. 1989. Happiness is Everything, or is it? Explorations On Tehe Meaning Of Psychological Well Being. Journal Of Personality and Social Psychology, 57,6,1069-1081
------(& Essex. 1992). The Interpretation Of Life Experience and Well Being : The Simple Case Of Relocation. Journal Of Psychology and Aging, 7, 507-517
------(& Keyes. 1995). The Structure Of Psychological Well Being. Journal Of Personality and Social Psychology. 69 (4), 719.
-------(Keyes & Shmotkin. 2002). Optimizing Well-Being. The empirical Encounter of Two Traditions. Journal Of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol.82, No.6, 1007-1022
-------(& Singer. 1996) Psychological Well-Being : Meaning, Measurement, and Implications For Psychotherapy Research. Psychother Psychosom. 1996; 65:14-23
Yusuf, A., Sriyono & Kurnia, I. A. (2008). Manfaat relaksasi religius: Dzikir dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Psikologis Lansia, Jurnal Ners, 3 (1), 1-7.
.png)
