Efektifitas Quantum Persalinan terhadap Persiapan Fisik dan Psikologis Ibu Hamil Trimester III dalam Menghadapi Persalinan di Kota Bengkulu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35890/jkdh.v14i1.387Keywords:
Persiapan Fisik, Persiapan Psikologis, Ibu Hamil Trimester IIIAbstract
Latar belakang : Perubahan fisik dan psikologi pada ibu akan terjadi selama kehamilan, akibat adanya tumbuh kembang janin dan persiapan persalinan. Perubahan ini akan membuat ibu hamil rentan dengan kondisi stres, kecemasan serta keluhan lainnya yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan psikologi. Apabila tidak ditangani dengan serius kekhawatiran dan kecemasan pada ibu hamil akan membawa dampak dan pengaruh terhadap fisik dan psikis, baik pada ibu maupun janin. World Health Organization (WHO), sekitar 75-85% dari seluruh wanita hamil akan mengalami komplikasi kehamilan yang sangat berbahaya dan berpotensi mengancam jiwa. Salah satu upaya untuk mempersiapkan fisik dan psikologis yang dihadapi ibu hamil Trimester III adalah dengan Quantum Persalinan. Quantum Persalinan merupakan modifikasi Kelas Ibu Hamil yang bertujuan mempersiapkan diri ibu hamil baik secara fisik maupun psikologis.
Tujuan : Mengetahui efektifitas Quantum Persalinanan Terhadap Persiapan Fisik dan Psikologis Ibu Hamil Trimester III dalam Menghadapi Persalinan di Kota Bengkulu
Metode : Desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode quasi eksperiment, rancangan pretest-postest group design. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling, terdiri dari 40 ibu hamil trimester III dengan usia kehamilan antara 32 s.d 36 minggu. Intervensi dilaksanakan selama 4 minggu, 1 minggu 1 kali intervensi. Intervensi dengan Promosi kesehatan yang diberikan di Quantum persalinan meliputi materi perubahan-perubahan fisik yang tejadi pada ibu hamil terutama di Trimester III, Relaksasi. Menggunakan kuesioner tingkat pengetahuan dan Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS).
Hasil : Ada hubungan Quantum persalinan terhadap persiapan fisik dan psikologis pada ibu hamil trimester III. Nilai Signifikasi p value < 0.05 dengan menggunakan uji Spearman Rank Test.
Simpulan : Quantum persalinan lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang Persiapan fisik dan dalam mengurangi kecemasan pada ibu. Upaya persiapan fisik dan psikologis pada ibu hamil juga dipengaruhi oleh peran serta tenaga kesehatan, terutama bidan, ibu hamil perlu beradaptasi dengan keberadaan janin, dirinya sendiri maupun lingkungannya. Kemampuan ibu hamil beradaptasi dapat dibantu oleh tenaga kesehatan yang profesional
Saran : Pemberian pelayanan antenatal secara komprehensif merupakan salah satu bentuk dukungan dari tenaga kesehatan, khusunya bidan sebagai ujung tombak kesehatan ibu dan anak di lingkungan masyarakat.
Keywords: Persiapan Fisik, Persiapan Psikologis, Ibu Hamil Trimester III
ABSTRACT
Background: Physical and psychological changes in the mother will occur during pregnancy, due to fetal growth and development and preparation for childbirth. These changes will make pregnant women vulnerable to conditions of stress, anxiety and other complaints related to psychological health. If not handled seriously, worries and anxiety in pregnant women will have an impact and influence on the physical and psychological, both on the mother and the fetus. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 75-85% of all pregnant women will experience pregnancy complications that are very dangerous and potentially life-threatening. One of the efforts to prepare physically and psychologically faced by Trimester III pregnant women is with Quantum Labor. Quantum Labor is a modification of the Pregnant Women Class that aims to prepare pregnant women both physically and psychologically.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Quantum Maternity on the Physical and Psychological Preparation of Third Trimester Pregnant Women in Facing Childbirth in Bengkulu City.
Method: Quantitative research design with quasi-experiment method, pretest-postest group design. The sample was taken by purposive sampling, consisting of 40 third trimester pregnant women with gestational age between 32 to 36 weeks. The intervention was carried out for 4 weeks, 1 week 1 time intervention. Intervention with health promotion provided in Quantum labor includes material on physical changes that occur in pregnant women, especially in Trimester III, Relaxation. Using a knowledge level questionnaire and Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS).
Results: There is a relationship between Quantum labor on physical and psychological preparation in third trimester pregnant women. Signification value p value <0.05 using the Spearman Rank Test.
Conclusion: Quantum labor is more effective in increasing maternal knowledge about physical preparation and in reducing anxiety in mothers. Physical and psychological preparation efforts in pregnant women are also influenced by the participation of health workers, especially midwives, pregnant women need to adapt to the existence of the fetus, themselves and their environment. The ability of pregnant women to adapt can be assisted by professional health workers.
Suggestion: Providing comprehensive antenatal care is one form of support from health workers, especially midwives as the spearhead of maternal and child health in the community.
Keywords: Physical Preparation, Psychological preparation, Third Trimester Pregnant Women
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